You are a daycare center and want to create a database that would manage your client's information. Explain why databases are the right tool to chose.
Answer; A database would be a right tool because its an good and easy way to collect all the information about the patient without having to look over bunch of thinks you can just write the clients name and you will have all hes/shes information, from what he is eating allergies the personal information etc. Makes the adminstratvie process so much easyer.
The database you have build consists of three different parts essential to a database's anatomy.Distinguish between those three.
Answer;
3) Discuss three social and ethical concerns which individuals should know about storing personal information in government databases. Evaluate your arguments.
Answer;
- Accuracy:
- Security:
- Privacy:
Sunday, December 11, 2011
Wednesday, December 7, 2011
Sunday, November 27, 2011
How Does A Computer Work
In this post i will explain how a computer works. what are the components and what does each do and how?
Overview
A computer has many components that work together to produce a picture on your screen, run programs, allow you to type, move the mouse about and surf the Internet, plus much more.
A computer has many pieces of hardware:
Processor (CPU) - This processes all the information on a computer and tells it where to go, and what to do.
Hard Drive (HDD) - This stores data for the computer to use when needed. All your files and the operating system are stored here.
Random Access Memory (RAM) - This is where data is stored whilst the computer is turned on, the operating system and any other programs you open are stored here, and deleted when the computer is turned off.
Graphics Processor Unit (GPU) - This processes the signals from the HDD, RAM and CPU to make a picture appear on your computer screen.
Motherboard (MOBO) - All the components fit onto the MOBO and it brings them all together to form a computer. Information travels from component to component through the MOBO.
What the computer does when turned on:
When the computer is turned on the Operating System is taken from the HDD, processed by the CPU and sent to the RAM for you to use. When you click on a program, the CPU searches the HDD for the program and then processes it and transfers it to RAM.
File Storage:
Files are stored on the HDD, and when they are open they are stored in the RAM. They are stored in the RAM so that the computer can access them quicker.
Other Components:
A computer had many other components, Mice, Keyboards, Sound Cards, Speakers, Network Cards, Optical Storage Media and USB Devices. These all provide the computer with inputs and outputs.
Inputs and Outputs:
An Input is a way that you can give the computer data and control it.
An Output is how the computer displays information to the user.
Software:
The Operating System (OS) - This is a very important part of a computer, it controls programs, transfers data to the correct programs, handles inputs and outputs and gives you the desktop on your computer.
Programs - There are many different types of programs. For example: Games, Office Programs, Internet Browsers, Educational Programs and many more.
Overview
A computer has many components that work together to produce a picture on your screen, run programs, allow you to type, move the mouse about and surf the Internet, plus much more.
A computer has many pieces of hardware:
Processor (CPU) - This processes all the information on a computer and tells it where to go, and what to do.
Hard Drive (HDD) - This stores data for the computer to use when needed. All your files and the operating system are stored here.
Random Access Memory (RAM) - This is where data is stored whilst the computer is turned on, the operating system and any other programs you open are stored here, and deleted when the computer is turned off.
Graphics Processor Unit (GPU) - This processes the signals from the HDD, RAM and CPU to make a picture appear on your computer screen.
Motherboard (MOBO) - All the components fit onto the MOBO and it brings them all together to form a computer. Information travels from component to component through the MOBO.
What the computer does when turned on:
When the computer is turned on the Operating System is taken from the HDD, processed by the CPU and sent to the RAM for you to use. When you click on a program, the CPU searches the HDD for the program and then processes it and transfers it to RAM.
File Storage:
Files are stored on the HDD, and when they are open they are stored in the RAM. They are stored in the RAM so that the computer can access them quicker.
Other Components:
A computer had many other components, Mice, Keyboards, Sound Cards, Speakers, Network Cards, Optical Storage Media and USB Devices. These all provide the computer with inputs and outputs.
Inputs and Outputs:
An Input is a way that you can give the computer data and control it.
An Output is how the computer displays information to the user.
Software:
The Operating System (OS) - This is a very important part of a computer, it controls programs, transfers data to the correct programs, handles inputs and outputs and gives you the desktop on your computer.
Programs - There are many different types of programs. For example: Games, Office Programs, Internet Browsers, Educational Programs and many more.
Wednesday, November 23, 2011
Whats in a computer
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| The chipset is the "glue" that connects the microprocessor to the rest of the motherboard and therefore to the rest of the computer. On a PC, it consists of two basic parts -- the north bridge and the south bridge. |
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| Computer hardware, such as memory, PCI and AGP connect to the motherboard through slots. |
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| Motherboards tie everything in your computer together. |
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| A typical motherboard contains areas for computer memory, CPU, AGP, PCI and more. |
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| DIMM, or dual in-line memory module, has a 64-bit path to memory chips, whereas the SIMM has only a 32-bit. |
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| Computer memory has a big effect on system performance. Pictured above is SIMM memory, or single in-line memory module, which is a type of RAM memory module. |
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| RAM upgrade can greatly extend your computer's lifespan. |
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| The basic input-output system BIOS is the first thing you see when you turn on your computer. |
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| SODIMM, or small outline dual in-line memory module, is made with integrated circuits and is about half the size of DIMM modules. |
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| A microprocessor -- also known as a CPU or central processing unit -- is a complete computation engine that is fabricated on a single chip. |
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| 64-bit processors have entered the mainstream, such as this eight-generation Athlon processor. |
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| The Integrated Drive Electronics interface is the most popular way to connect a hard drive to a PC. |
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| A hard disk is a sealed aluminum box, which has been opened in this photo. The controller electronics are attached to one side, controlling the read/write mechanism and the motor that spins the platters. |
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| An AGP, or accelerated graphics port, allows the operating system to designate RAM for use by the graphics card (like the one above) on the fly. |
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| This PC power supply has been removed from its PC case. The small, red switch at right, above the power-cord connector, is for changing line voltages in various countries. |
Tuesday, November 15, 2011
Homework
How advertising is used on the web
http://www.verio.com/resource-center/business-guides/free-advertising/
http://www.howstuffworks.com/web-advertising.htm
http://www.verio.com/resource-center/business-guides/free-advertising/
http://www.howstuffworks.com/web-advertising.htm
Monday, November 14, 2011
1. A spreadsheet is used to calculate the cost of carpeting a house. It is shown here with the formula view switched on so that you can see how it is constructed (Image is not included)
(a) Identify the two functions used in this spreadsheet.
(b) Cell D12 contains the expression (D2:D10). Describe the meaning of the information in this expression. [2 marks]
(c) Explain how features of a spreadsheet can be used in order to investigate “what-if” questions.[4 marks]
Answers:
a)
b) Information ranging from cell D2 to D10.
c) The "what-if" feature is used to look at various scenarios based on the data.
2. One way to make money from a web site is to place advertisements on it. One web search
engine company allows the web site owner to add some HTML code to the web site, which searches the site for content and delivers advertisements relevant to that site. When a visitor to the web site clicks on a link to an advertisement, the web site owner earns a small fee. The more visitors there are to the site the more chance the owner will make money from the advertisements displayed on the site. (Image is not included)
(a) HTTP stands for Hyper Text Transfer Protocol. Define the term protocol in this context. [2 marks]
(b) Describe how the search engine determines relevant advertisements to display on this or other web sites. [4 marks]
(c) Explain two ways in which the number of visitors to this or other web sites can be increased.[4 marks]
Answers:
a) the term protocol refers to a standard set of rules that could shows or instructs how data should be transmitted.
b) Inorder for the search engine to display the queried information, key words are typed in the search engines which are then found in databases. This means that there is a database of advertisement and when a particular word is searched it is matched up with words that describe a particular advertisement.
c) Two ways passible to increase the amount of visitors would be through page ranking and valuable content as an appeal to the audience (a focal/selling point). For example, owners can ask search engine providers to rank their advertisement higher, as such when a particular key word is search that is related to that advertisement, it will pop up first. The idea of having
a great focal point is that it would attract the audience to visit that advertisement, working as a way to hook its audience.
3. The Oyster card is an electronic ticket that is used in London to pay for travel on trains run by Transport for London. It contains an RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) system and it can be charged with money. The amount of credit on the card is stored in the RFID chip on the card. Money is deducted each time a journey is made.
When entering an underground station the card is identified by being touched on the card reader so the RFID signal is detected. On leaving the station at the end of the journey the cost of the fare is deducted from the card. People are encouraged to use Oyster cards by
making the fares much cheaper when using the card than buying a paper ticket. Also, there is a price “cap” which means that the user will never pay more than a maximum amount each day. If the card balance is too low, access to the trains is denied.
It is possible to register the card online. This allows the user to top it up with money and to view a journey history, like the one below.
Date
Time
Location
Action
Balance
23/01/07
15:03
Russell Square
Top-up
£21.00
15:03
Russell Square
Entry
15:17
Oxford Circus
Exit
£19.50
18:49
Russell Square
Entry
19:09
South Kensington
Exit
£17.00
24/01/07
08:42
Russell Square
Entry
08:52
Euston Square
Exit
£12.40
(a) The RFID readers have a short range of 0-8 centimetres. Identify two reasons why the range needs to be short. [2 marks]
(b) Identify four possible tasks the Oyster software would need to perform when an Oyster card is used at a station. [4 marks]
(c) Explain one benefit and one drawback of extending the use of the Oyster card nationally. [4 marks]
Answers:
a) - Avoid eavesdropping of data signal.
- Prevents accidental deduction of people simply standing next to the card reader.
b) - Check if the card has enough money.
- Access the transport database.
- Open the barriers.
- Record the final amount.
c) One of the benefits to extending the use of the Oyster card national wide is that it makes it easier to travel around the UK. People can plan their mode of transportation easily without having to worry about the operational use. For example tourist visiting several cities in the UK have to buy an oyster card and use it when they use the transport and the only responsibility they have is to make sure that there is enough cash in the card.
However the downside to the oyster card being used nationally is the cost of introduction. Inorder for the oyster card to be applied nationally ever city station needs to have technology and software that enables the oyster card to be used. If no such technology is available in the a particular city then the oyster card becomes meaningless.
4. An author writes IT text books at home using his PC. He illustrates his work with many screen shots and images obtained from web sites, showing readers how to carry out various actions. He sends the images as bitmapped files. He sends his work to the publisher using his broadband internet connection.
(a) Define the term bandwidth. [2 marks]
(b) Describe one advantage and one disadvantage of sending the images as bitmapped files instead of vector graphics files. [4 marks]
(c) With reference to one benefit and one problem, explain why there may be advantages and disadvantages for an author when working from home instead of in the publisher’s office. [4 marks]
Answers:
a) Bandwidth is the amount of bits transmitted every second
b) A bitmapped image is made up of pixels and dots. This would mean that it would be easier to edit a bitmapped image but also implies that it is much more of a larger file compared to vector graphics files. However vector graphics files are easier to enlarge meaning is can be magnified without the loss of quality.
(a) Identify the two functions used in this spreadsheet.
(b) Cell D12 contains the expression (D2:D10). Describe the meaning of the information in this expression. [2 marks]
(c) Explain how features of a spreadsheet can be used in order to investigate “what-if” questions.[4 marks]
Answers:
a)
b) Information ranging from cell D2 to D10.
c) The "what-if" feature is used to look at various scenarios based on the data.
2. One way to make money from a web site is to place advertisements on it. One web search
engine company allows the web site owner to add some HTML code to the web site, which searches the site for content and delivers advertisements relevant to that site. When a visitor to the web site clicks on a link to an advertisement, the web site owner earns a small fee. The more visitors there are to the site the more chance the owner will make money from the advertisements displayed on the site. (Image is not included)
(a) HTTP stands for Hyper Text Transfer Protocol. Define the term protocol in this context. [2 marks]
(b) Describe how the search engine determines relevant advertisements to display on this or other web sites. [4 marks]
(c) Explain two ways in which the number of visitors to this or other web sites can be increased.[4 marks]
Answers:
a) the term protocol refers to a standard set of rules that could shows or instructs how data should be transmitted.
b) Inorder for the search engine to display the queried information, key words are typed in the search engines which are then found in databases. This means that there is a database of advertisement and when a particular word is searched it is matched up with words that describe a particular advertisement.
c) Two ways passible to increase the amount of visitors would be through page ranking and valuable content as an appeal to the audience (a focal/selling point). For example, owners can ask search engine providers to rank their advertisement higher, as such when a particular key word is search that is related to that advertisement, it will pop up first. The idea of having
a great focal point is that it would attract the audience to visit that advertisement, working as a way to hook its audience.
3. The Oyster card is an electronic ticket that is used in London to pay for travel on trains run by Transport for London. It contains an RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) system and it can be charged with money. The amount of credit on the card is stored in the RFID chip on the card. Money is deducted each time a journey is made.
When entering an underground station the card is identified by being touched on the card reader so the RFID signal is detected. On leaving the station at the end of the journey the cost of the fare is deducted from the card. People are encouraged to use Oyster cards by
making the fares much cheaper when using the card than buying a paper ticket. Also, there is a price “cap” which means that the user will never pay more than a maximum amount each day. If the card balance is too low, access to the trains is denied.
It is possible to register the card online. This allows the user to top it up with money and to view a journey history, like the one below.
Date
Time
Location
Action
Balance
23/01/07
15:03
Russell Square
Top-up
£21.00
15:03
Russell Square
Entry
15:17
Oxford Circus
Exit
£19.50
18:49
Russell Square
Entry
19:09
South Kensington
Exit
£17.00
24/01/07
08:42
Russell Square
Entry
08:52
Euston Square
Exit
£12.40
(a) The RFID readers have a short range of 0-8 centimetres. Identify two reasons why the range needs to be short. [2 marks]
(b) Identify four possible tasks the Oyster software would need to perform when an Oyster card is used at a station. [4 marks]
(c) Explain one benefit and one drawback of extending the use of the Oyster card nationally. [4 marks]
Answers:
a) - Avoid eavesdropping of data signal.
- Prevents accidental deduction of people simply standing next to the card reader.
b) - Check if the card has enough money.
- Access the transport database.
- Open the barriers.
- Record the final amount.
c) One of the benefits to extending the use of the Oyster card national wide is that it makes it easier to travel around the UK. People can plan their mode of transportation easily without having to worry about the operational use. For example tourist visiting several cities in the UK have to buy an oyster card and use it when they use the transport and the only responsibility they have is to make sure that there is enough cash in the card.
However the downside to the oyster card being used nationally is the cost of introduction. Inorder for the oyster card to be applied nationally ever city station needs to have technology and software that enables the oyster card to be used. If no such technology is available in the a particular city then the oyster card becomes meaningless.
4. An author writes IT text books at home using his PC. He illustrates his work with many screen shots and images obtained from web sites, showing readers how to carry out various actions. He sends the images as bitmapped files. He sends his work to the publisher using his broadband internet connection.
(a) Define the term bandwidth. [2 marks]
(b) Describe one advantage and one disadvantage of sending the images as bitmapped files instead of vector graphics files. [4 marks]
(c) With reference to one benefit and one problem, explain why there may be advantages and disadvantages for an author when working from home instead of in the publisher’s office. [4 marks]
Answers:
a) Bandwidth is the amount of bits transmitted every second
b) A bitmapped image is made up of pixels and dots. This would mean that it would be easier to edit a bitmapped image but also implies that it is much more of a larger file compared to vector graphics files. However vector graphics files are easier to enlarge meaning is can be magnified without the loss of quality.
Sunday, November 13, 2011
ITGS learner profile
Caring
Some friends are playing football. Suddenly one of them gets hurt, and hes/shes friends are helping.
Reflective
A friend is doing a stupid thing, and then hes friends do the same thing, but then one of them understand that it was wrong and that they shouldn't do that more.
Some friends are playing football. Suddenly one of them gets hurt, and hes/shes friends are helping.
Reflective
A friend is doing a stupid thing, and then hes friends do the same thing, but then one of them understand that it was wrong and that they shouldn't do that more.
ITGS learner profile
Communicators
A person is standing outside when the others are playing football. Then one of the players ask if he wants to join and when he starts to play he starts to talk with the other players even if he is shy.
Knowledgeable
Teacher ask a question in class and the person puts hes hand up. Reading books during break.
A person is standing outside when the others are playing football. Then one of the players ask if he wants to join and when he starts to play he starts to talk with the other players even if he is shy.
Knowledgeable
Teacher ask a question in class and the person puts hes hand up. Reading books during break.
ITGS learner profile
Principled
Printing out a lot of paper and another student sees it and tells him that he shouldn't do that.
Thinker
A person is taking a lot of paper after washing his/shes hands, but then another person tells the person that she/he shouldn't use that much paper and maybe use the fan instead.
Printing out a lot of paper and another student sees it and tells him that he shouldn't do that.
Thinker
A person is taking a lot of paper after washing his/shes hands, but then another person tells the person that she/he shouldn't use that much paper and maybe use the fan instead.
ITGS learner profile
Balance
One person is playing around in the classroom, and then one person in the class tells him/her to stop. The person is telling him you should work instead of playing around because you can do that at home.
Inquirers
A person in the class puts hes/shes hands up when the teacher ask a question
Open minded
A person in class ask another person if he wants to play football the person he asks didn't want to at first but did it anyway.
One person is playing around in the classroom, and then one person in the class tells him/her to stop. The person is telling him you should work instead of playing around because you can do that at home.
Inquirers
A person in the class puts hes/shes hands up when the teacher ask a question
Open minded
A person in class ask another person if he wants to play football the person he asks didn't want to at first but did it anyway.
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